Abstract: Parizvino, nyika yakatanga kuumba chimiro cheindasitiri chakanangana neNorth America, Europe, neAsia, imwe neimwe ine mabhenefiti akasimba mundima dzakasiyana.Hupfumi hwakasimukira hunomiririrwa neUnited States, Japan, neGermany nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira iyo yese LED mwenje indasitiri cheni ine mukana mumusika wepamusoro-soro, uine mazinga emidziyo yemhando yepamusoro uye yakazara yakazara maindasitiri ketani system, asi vakabatwa. mukushanda, logistics, uye cheni dzekugovera.mari yakawanda…
Maitiro ekuvandudza maindasitiri
Parizvino, nyika yakatanga kuumba chimiro cheindasitiri chakanangana nematunhu makuru matatu eNorth America, Europe neAsia, imwe neimwe ine mabhenefiti akasimba mundima dzakasiyana.Hupfumi hwakasimukira hunomiririrwa neUnited States, Japan, neGermany nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira iyo yese LED mwenje indasitiri cheni ine mukana mumusika wepamusoro-soro, uine mazinga emidziyo yemhando yepamusoro uye yakazara yakazara maindasitiri ketani system, asi vakabatwa. mukushanda, logistics, uye cheni dzekugovera.Zvipingamupinyi zvemutengo wepamusoro hazvina kuumba zviyero.Pakati pemisika iri kusimukira muAsia, nyika dzakaita seIndia, Vietnam, nezvimwewo, dzakagadzira indasitiri yekuvhenekesa kwe LED gare gare, vane humwe hunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvigadzirwa, asi rutsigiro rwavo rweindasitiri rwemaindasitiri haruna kukwana, uye vanotarisana nemamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika uye ehupfumi uye akaderera. kugarisana zvakanaka.uye dzimwe nyaya, zvakaoma kuumba kukwikwidzana munguva pfupi.
Sefekitari yepasi rose yeindasitiri yemwenje ye LED, China ndiyo inogadzira pasi rose uye inotengesera kunze kwezvinhu zvemwenje zve LED.Iyo ine hunyanzvi hwekugadzira uye kugadzira kweiyo yese indasitiri cheni ye LED mwenje indasitiri, uye ine kukwikwidza kwakasimba mukugadzira, kutsvagisa nekusimudzira uye kutengesa kwezvigadzirwa zvemwenje zve LED.
Uye zvakare, mumakore achangopfuura, kugona kwekugadzira kweindasitiri yekuvhenekesa kwe LED kwakawedzera nekukurumidza, zvichikonzera kuderera kweindasitiri uye kukwikwidza kunotyisa kwemusika.Mabhureki epasi rese ekutanga senge Signify naOsram, pamwe nemhando dzekutanga dzemutsara seOppo Lighting, dzinotora chikamu chikuru chemusika wepakati-kusvika-yepamusoro-yekupedzisira zvigadzirwa nekuda kwechiratidzo chavo chakasimba, chiteshi, manejimendi uye. tekinoroji yekutsvaga uye mabhenefiti ebudiriro.Mamwe makambani ekuvhenekesa e LED ari kusimukira ane hunyanzvi hwavo hunhu uye hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza zvigadzirwa akabatawo mikana yekusimudzira indasitiri kuti ikure nekukurumidza, nekubudirira kupinda mumusika wepakati-kusvika-wepamusoro-wekupedzisira-yakakamurwa chigadzirwa uye kutora imwe musika wekugovanisa.Mazhinji madiki uye epakati-saizi emagetsi ekugadzira LED anogadzira, nekuda kwekugumira kwechigadzirwa chavo tekinoroji, mhando, mhando nematanho, vanonyanya kukwikwidza mumutengo mumusika wakaderera.
Indasitiri maitiro
Periodic
Nekukura zvishoma nezvishoma kwe tekinoroji yemwenje ye LED, uye kutarisisa uye kutungamira kwegwaro rekuchengetedza simba uye nyaya dzekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza pasi rose, indasitiri yemwenje ye LED yakaunza mikana mikuru yebudiriro, saka maitiro enguva nenguva haasi pachena.
Regional
Parizvino, indasitiri yemwenje yepasi rose ye LED yakatanga kuumba maindasitiri ekugovera uye maitiro emakwikwi akatarisana nematunhu makuru matatu eAsia, Europe neNorth America.China inzvimbo yakakosha yekugadzira uye chigadziko chekunze chezvigadzirwa zvemwenje zve LED munyika, uye Asia, Europe neNorth America ndiyo inonyanya kukosha misika yevatengi vezvigadzirwa munyika.
Mwaka
Nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzezvigadzirwa zvemwenje dze LED dzakakura, uye kune zvenguva refu uye zvakagadzikana zvinodiwa zvekushandisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana sehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kutengeserana, kugadzira, mainjiniya, chekufambisa, nezvimwe, saka misika yese yemwaka maitiro haisi pachena.Nekudaro, iyo LED yekutengesa magetsi zvigadzirwa muchikamu chemusika zvinonyanya kune vatengi vekutengesa.Nekuda kwesimba remaitiro echinyakare ekushandisa, nguva yezororo inowanzova mwaka wepamusoro wekutengesa.Munguva ye "Kisimusi" munyika dzekunze, varidzi vemhando vachawedzera kusimudzirwa uye kutengesa kwezvigadzirwa zvemwenje zvekutengesa.Nokudaro, chikamu chechipiri chegore ndiyo nguva yepamusoro yekutengesa yebhizimusi rekuvhenekera.Muhafu yekutanga yegore mushure mezororo reGore Idzva, kutengesa kune zvishoma.Naizvozvo, kune humwe hunhu hwemwaka muindasitiri yekuvhenekesa magetsi.
Maitiro uye zvikonzero zvekuchinja muindasitiri purofiti mazinga
Musika wepasi weiyo LED mwenje indasitiri ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa uye yakasimba musika inoda.LED magetsi masosi ari kutarisana nemakwikwi anotyisa emusika, uye purofiti yemuchero wezvigadzirwa yakaderera.General lighting ndiyo yakakura kwazvo musika wekushandisa wezvigadzirwa zvemwenje zve LED, uye kusimudzira kwezvikamu zvayo zvishoma kwakasiyana.Nzvimbo yekuvhenekesa imba iri kupinda zvishoma nezvishoma munguva yekukura, uye maitiro emakwikwi emusika anogadzirwa.akasvinwa kusvika pamwero wakati.
Zvikamu zvemusika zvakaita semwenje wekutengesa uye mwenje weindasitiri uri padanho rekukurumidza kusimudzira.Nekuenderera mberi kupfumiswa kwezvido zvemunhu uye zvakagadziridzwa zvevatengi vemwenje vekutengesa, uye kuvandudzwa kwenzvimbo dzemwenje dzemaindasitiri kuitira kuchengetedza, kunyaradza, njere uye zvimwe zvinodiwa, mwenje wekutengesa Musika zvikamu zvakaita semwenje weindasitiri uye mwenje wemaindasitiri ucharamba uchikura nekukurumidza, uye kusiyanisa. uye zvigadzirwa zvemunhu zvinowanzova nepamusoro chigadzirwa chakawedzerwa kukosha uye purofiti yakakura.
Ongororo yemikana uye matambudziko akatarisana neindasitiri
Mikana yakatarisana nayo
A. Nyika dzepasi rose dzinokurudzira kufambiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi e LED uye nerutsigiro rwemitemo yenyika
Nekuda kuvandudza kushandiswa kwesimba, kuchengetedza nharaunda, uye kubata nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pasi rose, hurumende dzenyika/matunhu akabudirira akaita seUnited States, European Union, neJapan dzakatevedzana dzakapa mitemo yekurambidza mwenje wechinyakare nekutsigira nekusimudzira. kuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yemwenje ye LED.
B. LED yekuvhenekesa tekinoroji inoramba ichikura, mitengo inoramba ichidonha
Kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi kunotarisa kukurumidza kukura kweiyo LED mwenje indasitiri.Kutsiviwa kwemarambi ekuchengetedza simba nemagetsi ekuvhenekesa ma LED ndiwo maitiro ekusimudzira eindasitiri yekuvhenekesa.Kufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekuvhenekesa kwe LED kunonyanya kuratidzwa muzvikamu zviviri: Kutanga, kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwechiedza.Zvinoenderana nedata rakakodzera, muna 2018, kupenya kwakasimba kwemaindasitiri emagetsi machena ma LED anopfuura 180lm/W, mwenje unopenya wemwenje wemukati we LED wakapfuura 100lm/W, uye kupenya kwemarambi ekunze kwakapfuura 130lm/W;chechipiri, mutengo wemutengo wakaramba uchiderera.Yakakanganiswa nekuvandudzwa kweiyo upstream chip tekinoroji, kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekugadzira uye optimization yenzira yekugadzira mwenje, mutengo wemidziyo mikuru wakadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma, uchidzikisa mutengo wekugadzira wemwenje we LED.Zvinoenderana nenhamba, maererano nemutengo wegirobhu re LED rakaenzana ne60 watts, mutengo waro waive wemadhora makumi mana nemashanu kusvika makumi mashanu pachidimbu muna Ndira 2011, asi pakazosvika Chikunguru 2018, mutengo wakaderera kusvika pasi pemadhora gumi eUS. yezvigadzirwa zvemwenje ye LED zvishoma nezvishoma yasvika pamutengo wemarambi echinyakare ekuchengetedza simba.
C. Nzvimbo yekushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvemwenje zve LED inoramba ichiwedzera
Nekukurumidza kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekuvhenekesa kwe LED, zviratidzo zvekushanda kwezvigadzirwa zvemwenje zve LED zvakaita sekugadzikana, hupenyu hwesevhisi, hungwaru, CRI, kupenya kwakanaka kuri kuramba kuchikura, kusvika padanho rekusangana nemusika kudiwa.Zvigadzirwa zvemwenje zve LED hazvina kungogutsa mwenje wakajairwa Nekudaro, zvinoenderana neakasiyana maficha ekushandisa, akasiyana masimidhi ekushandisa anotorwa, uye musika wemusika uri kuramba uchiwedzera uye uchiwedzera.Pamberi pema1990, iyo indasitiri yekuvhenekesa ye LED yaive muchikamu chekutanga chebudiriro.Chigadzirwa chemavara system chaive chimwechete uye mutengo waive wakakwira.Musika wekushandisa wainyanya kufambiswa nekudiwa kwemasaini mwenje uye mwenje wechiratidzo.Kubva pakati-kusvika-kupera kwema1990, indasitiri yemwenje ye LED yakapinda nekukurumidza Muchikamu chebudiriro, kuvandudzwa kweblue uye green light tekinoroji uye kuderera kwemitengo yechigadzirwa kwakaita kuti mwenje we LED ukurumidze kukurumbira mumunda wekutengesa uye wakave mukuru wekutyaira. yekuvandudzwa kwemusika wemwenje we LED panguva iyoyo;nekukura kunoenderera mberi kwehunyanzvi uye nekumwe kudzikiswa kwemitengo, mumakore achangopfuura Lai LED zvigadzirwa zvekuvhenekesa zvakapinda zvishoma nezvishoma muminda yakawanda senge mwenje wemba uye mwenje weindasitiri, uchigadzira musika mukuru ungangoita application.Mune ramangwana, nekuvandudzwa kwemwenje wenzvimbo, mwenje wemotokari uye mamwe madiki-masekita, kudiwa kwemusika kwemwenje we LED kucharamba kuchikura nekukurumidza.
D. China ine yakazara LED mwenje indasitiri cheni, uye iyo indasitiri yapinda muchikamu chekukura chebudiriro
indasitiri yenyika yangu yekuvhenekesa LED yakatanga mukupera kwema1960.Mushure memakore anoda kusvika makumi mashanu ebudiriro, indasitiri yemwenje ye LED yenyika yangu yakaita budiriro dzinoshamisa, kusanganisira kugadzirwa kwe LED epitaxial wafers, kugadzirira kwe LED machipisi, kurongedza uye ma LED chigadzirwa maapplication.Kusanganisira yakazara maindasitiri cheni.Panguva imwecheteyo, China inokoshesa zvakanyanya kutsvagisa nekuvandudza tekinoroji yemwenje ye LED, uye yakatevedzana yakatanga mapurojekiti emwenje egirinhi uye mapurojekiti ekuvhenekesa semiconductor.Tsigira kutsvagisa uye kusimudzira uye maindasitiri mapurojekiti eiyo LED mwenje tekinoroji, nekudaro iva neyakajeka yekutsvagisa nekusimudzira hwaro, uye uine zvimwe zvakanakira mukudzika kwe LED mwenje yekubatanidza maapplication.
E. China indasitiri zviyero zviri kuramba zvichivandudza, uye kusimudzira kwakamisikidzwa kwave kutungamira
Mumakore achangopfuura, pasi pekutungamirwa kwemadhipatimendi ehurumende akadai seNational Development and Reform Commission, National Standards Commission, Bazi reSainzi neTekinoroji, Bazi reIndasitiri uye Ruzivo rweTekinoroji, uye kukwidziridzwa kwemasangano anoshanda eindasitiri nemasangano, nyika ye LED mwenje miyero yekuyedza uye certification yafambira mberi zvishoma.Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwepasirese ruzivo ruzivo rweruzhinji sevhisi papuratifomu, kubva muna Chivabvu 31, 2021, nyika yangu yakaburitsa 187 yazvino miitiro yenyika, 174 indasitiri zviyero, uye 247 zviyero zvemuno zvine chekuita nemwenje we LED, uye nekushingairira kuita basa rakajairwa rekutyaira. uye akashanda nesimba muInternational Organisation ISO/TC274 standardisation basa.
Pamusoro pezvo, chiyero chekushandisa chezvigadzirwa zvemwenje ye LED chakawedzera kuwanda, uye nzvimbo dzayo dzepasi dzekushandisa senge nzvimbo dzekunze, nhandare, nezvimwe zvakagadzira zvishoma nezvishoma manejimendi akakodzera.Pamusoro pezvo, Ministry of Railways, Ministry of Communications, uye Ministry of Public Security yakamisawo mazinga akakodzera ezvigadzirwa zvemwenje zve LED.Kugadzwa kweiyo pamusoro indasitiri zviyero uye zvimiro zvichabatsira kusimudzira kurongeka uye kwakamisikidzwa kusimudzira kweiyo LED mwenje indasitiri.
Matambudziko akatarisana nawo
A. Iyo yakakosha tekinoroji haina kusimba
Parizvino, chikamu chikuru chezvigadzirwa zvemwenje zve LED munyika yangu zvinotengeswa kunze, uye misika yenyika dzakasimukira / matunhu muEurope neUnited States akasiyana nemusika wepamba.Ivo vane yakasimba yekuwana zvikumbaridzo uye vakagadzira trust management nzira.Zvigadzirwa zvemwenje zve LED zvinoisa mamiriro ekuwana musika.Nekudaro, iyo yakakosha matekinoroji emakambani ekuvhenekesa ma LED emunyika yangu muminda yezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro, dhizaini yemagetsi, manejimendi emagetsi, uye tekinoroji yekupisa kupisa kwave kuri mumamiriro asina kusimba kwenguva yakareba.Makambani emwenje e LED haana mukana wekukwikwidza mune tekinoroji.Zvipingamupinyi zvakakosha kumisika yakasimukira.
B. Chimiro chemhando yemakambani emagetsi emwenje e LED haana simba
Kubva pakuona kwekuvandudzwa kwematunhu akasiyana-siyana pasi rose, indasitiri yepasi rose yemwenje ye LED yakagadzira nhatu-nhatu yekugovera maindasitiri uye nzira yemakwikwi inotongwa neUnited States, Asia, neEurope, uye yakaratidza kuti Japan, United States. , uye Germany ndivo vatungamiriri veindasitiri.China Taiwan neSouth Korea dzakatevera zvakanyanya, uye China, Malaysia nedzimwe nyika/matunhu akatevera kugovera echelon.Pasi rose, hofori dzepasi rese dzakaita seSignify naOsram dzinotora chikamu chikuru chemusika mumusika wechigadzirwa chepamusoro.Ivo vane hunhu hwavo mune zvigadzirwa uye misika, vachigadzira yakazara maindasitiri cheni yemwenje we LED, uye kutora mukana wezvavakanakira muzvigadzirwa zvitsva uye matekinoroji matsva.Mabhenefiti ekuvandudza, anonyanya kuita mukugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro-yakawedzerwa zvigadzirwa, kugona kiyi yakakosha tekinoroji senge yakakwirira-yekupedzisira zvinhu, optical dhizaini, kutonga kwesimba, uye tekinoroji yekubvisa kupisa.Nekudaro, makambani ekuvhenekesa emagetsi emumba ane simba rekusimudzira uye kukosha-kwakawedzera hunyanzvi, kana kutsvaga chiyero chekutengesa uye kufuratira chivakwa chemhando, uye kune mashoma makambani emhando ane makwikwi epasirese.
C. The phenomenon of homogeneous competition is serious
Product homogeneity yagara iri imwe yematambudziko akatambudza nyika yangu LED mwenje makambani.Sezvo musika wemwenje we LED uri padanho rekukura nekukurumidza, mamwe mabhizinesi madiki uye epakati-saizi muindasitiri akaisa mari shoma muchigadzirwa uye tekinoroji yekutsvaga nekusimudzira, kunyanya kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinodhura zvakaderera.Mutengo unotungamira musika, unotungamira kune imwe makwikwi asina hurongwa uye homogeneity yechigadzirwa muindasitiri yemwenje ye LED.Aya matambudziko haangokanganisa purofiti yemakambani ekuvhenekesa LED, asiwo haakodzeri kune hutano uye kusimudzira kusimudzira kweiyo LED mwenje indasitiri.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-06-2022